视频文稿
(Original language: Cantonese)
FAN HO: I actually prefer black and white. It’s not that I don’t take colour photographs, but I’ve realised one thing. Colours do not fit well in my world. Black and white offers me a distance. What kind of distance? A kind of distance from real life. I think this distance is very important. Real life is multicoloured. Black and white offers a sense of detachment. It allows audiences and viewers to develop their responses and offers the space and depth to ponder and contemplate my ideas.
I like the colour black. It has a kind of power, one that is great and mysterious. It’s like a power that rules over the world. I take photographs casually, with spontaneity. For example, when I lived on MacDonnell Road in the Mid-Levels in Central district, I would walk down from the Mid-Levels. Back then there was no MTR. I would take my camera with me, down from MacDonnell Road, walking the backstreets and narrow lanes through the haze, where there were ordinary folk: ordinary, grassroots, and minority people. The kind of ‘Hong Kong spirit’ that they represented is unforgettable. They constantly struggled to survive.
I always pay attention to the light. I consider photography as the art of light. The light needs to fit my needs, not to mention achieve contrast. So it’s important to wait for the right light. When I am inspired, I can express my state of mind at that moment, the way that I feel. The great writer Honoré de Balzac once said that art is nothing but to move. What a great way to put it.
This one, I have to be honest, I cannot claim credit for. Rather it’s a joke that God played on me. In fact, I wasn’t even taking pictures of the children. The negative was in a square format. I was actually photographing the tram lines. My first impression was that the photograph wasn’t any good. But as I looked at it, I found the two children on the side, which was even more fun and interesting. They were keeping each other company after school. It’s as if there is a kind of rhythm.
I enjoy cropping photographs. It’s like making a movie. I really enjoy the editing process. What’s it like? It can breathe new life into your work. The same goes for photography. That side is lifeless, and this side is alive? Cut that side off, then.
Truly good photographs are not taken with the camera. They come from inside you, your eyes, your brain, your heart, not some cold piece of equipment.
何藩的黑白照片捕捉了五、六十年代香港的日常面貌,令人印象深刻。尽管他镜头下的香江风情大多已不复存在,但年轻一代仍可透过其经典照片了解旧日香港。 M+ 收藏了28件何藩的摄影作品,为观众打开一扇从影像窥视往昔的独特窗口。
何藩(1931年生于中国上海,2016年卒于美国加州圣荷西)是著名摄影师、电影导演和演员。他在上海长大,14岁时拥有人生中第一部相机,自始便踏上摄影之路;1949年移居香港后,开始以黑白照片记录他在这座城市的所见所闻。
以下十张由何藩拍摄的旧香港照片,将娓娓道来十则有关他的事。
1. 何藩因慢性头痛而开始摄影。他年少时患上慢性头痛,不得不经常在阅读和写作期间稍作休息。他利用休息的时间到街上四处闲逛,并在其父亲鼓励下,开始把所见所闻拍摄下来。
2. 他是位自学成才的摄影师,从未接受正式训练,而是凭直觉摸索关于光学、物理、化学、机械等摄影原理。他在上海获得人生中第一部相机,1949年来到香港后进一步研究摄影,并获得逾200项殊荣,成为当年最年轻的英国皇家摄影学会最年轻的高级会士之一。
3. 想寻找何藩的足迹?他曾住在半山区麦当劳道。他忆述:「我住在半山麦当劳道......当时没有地铁,(我)就背着相机,由麦当劳道半山走下去。路见横街窄巷,烟雾迷离,有些小人物,芸芸众生,草根阶层,弱势社群。我觉得他们所表达的一种香港精神,是最令我难忘的。小人物拼搏求存,一直在挣扎奋斗。」他拍照时全凭感觉,因为能触动自己的事物,才能感动观者;他认为这样诞生的作品才会有灵魂及生命。
4. 他偏爱黑白照片。何藩曾说:「其实我偏向喜欢黑白。我不是不拍彩色照,但我发现一件事,彩色没那么适合我的世界。黑白给予我一种距离。」黑白摄影予人抽离现实的感觉,为观者营造思索照片场景的空间。
5. 何藩亦是一位著名导演,在数十年间拍摄了多部电影作品。对他来说,电影和摄影恍如一对双生儿──两个媒介都以镜头、画面或影像代替文字、笔触和音符,表达作者或创作者的所思所感。
6. 他认为拍片岁月的淬链,使他成为更出色的摄影师。何藩的电影执导经验让他学会捕捉戏剧性及充满诗意的画面,致使他能精准地按下快门,瞬间拍下人们脸上的喜怒哀乐。他把电影说故事的技巧套用到摄影上,其摄影作品之所以趣味盎然,正正因为当中的故事性。他的观众也许来自不同的文化背景,但其镜头下细诉的世态人情,却令大家产生共鸣。
7. 他爱随心拍照,凝住关键一刻。何藩的摄影风格完全体现了法国摄影师亨利·卡蒂埃-布列松(Henri Cartier-Bresson)「决定性瞬间」的理念。这种等待最佳时刻才按下快门的摄影手法,至今仍广为街头摄影师和摄影记者采用。
8. ......而他也喜欢摆拍摄影。何藩在拍摄《人生舞台》时,正就读于新亚书院(现为香港中文大学的成员书院之一)。当时他有志于成为电影制作人,因此已展露他对编导舞台剧的才华和兴趣。相中人物都是他的书院同学。
9. ......以及在拍摄后修改照片。何藩将作品《放学》形容为「上帝对我开的玩笑」。他解释:「根本我不是在拍小孩,底片是四方的,实际上我在拍电车路。」他最初对照片不太满意,但后来看到路边有两个小孩的画面更为有趣,便把照片大幅剪裁成窄窄长长,让孩子的身影、电车轨和沙井盖在构图中建构出层递变化的律动。何藩喜欢剪裁和修饰自己拍摄的照片,他形容这过程「像制作电影一般」,认为修饰照片可为作品注入活力。
10. 他晚年时重温旧作,发掘新的可能。他觉得重温旧作就像寻宝,找到好东西的喜悦更是无价之宝。他晚期的作品以叠影手法述说新故事,重新组合和编排香港街道旧照,创造出截然不同的效果。
作品名称由M+翻译。此文章原于「M+ 故事」发布。此简体版本由机器转换自繁体版本。
Ellen Oredsson是M+的网络编辑。