A Shimmering Gateway: Henry Steiner and Nobuyoshi Araki’s Hong Kong

(Original language: Cantonese)

HUMAN WU: Today, I’ll take you on a stroll through Central, following the subjects depicted in the paintings of local artist Wilson Shieh. Shieh grew up on Hong Kong Island and witnessed Central District’s transformation.

The landmarks here, such as Jardine House, the HSBC Main Building Bank of China Tower and IFC, naturally became the subjects of his paintings. Shieh studied architecture at HKU for one year, but he discovered his artistic inclinations. He then switched tracks to pursue fine art at CUHK. His artistic practice focuses on traditional Chinese painting while also incorporating modern elements.

He painted a series of ‘skyscraper ladies’ blending classical gongbi techniques and contemporary style.

How did he combine crisp architectural contours with the graceful delicacy of traditional feminine figures? Shieh transformed the features of each building into evening gowns of different styles.

For example, in Cheung Kong Center against Bank of China, the two skyscrapers wear gowns with different patterns. Who is this small figure beside them? It’s the former French Mission Building. It housed the Court of Final Appeal between 1997 and 2015. Back then, it was hidden behind the Hilton Hotel, which is now the site of Cheung Kong Centre. When constructing Cheung Kong Centre, an urban square was designed. This architecture can be seen completely by the public.

In Hong Kong City Hall sits at Connaught Road, the four ladies are positioned just like the arrangement of the four structures behind us. Between the AIA Central and the Hong Kong Club Building lies the now-demolished Ritz-Carlton Hotel. It closed down just one year after this work was created.

The City Hall in the painting appears as a fashionable woman. She wears a simple chequered mini skirt showcasing a modernist style. Back then, the colonial government wanted to bring this trendy, simple, yet functional style to Hong Kong to establish a new image for a new era. City Hall was the first world-class multi-purpose cultural centre in Hong Kong. It was declared a monument in 2022, becoming the city’s youngest monument. However, Queen’s Pier and the fourth generation of the General Post Office nearby faced a different fate.

In HSBC and Friends, everyone wears an evening gown except the HSBC Main Building. If you have been to the HSBC headquarters, you might recall its unique open atrium. It creates a public space in the urban landscape offering, the precious ground-level space to citizens. Buildings in the city are situated among neighbouring structures and serve the public. A good architectural design considers both the city and its people as top priorities.

LOK WONG: [Cantonese] Hello, today we’re at Montane Mansion in Quarry Bay. Montane Mansion is actually one of five interconnected buildings [that form this complex]. Together, they are: Oceanic Mansion, Montane Mansion, Fok Cheong Building, Yick Fat Building and Yick Cheong Building.

From above, the five buildings form an E-shaped complex with shops at the podium level and mixed-use units inside the buildings. The complex is a world unto itself providing residents with the facilities that fulfil their basic needs. Looking up from the courtyard, the five densely packed buildings become an intimidating leviathan. The intricate rectangles occupy every space within sight resembling a spreadsheet waiting to be filled in. Today, the Eastern District has transformed into a diverse community where Grade-A offices and old tenement buildings coexist.

Montane Mansion’s unique structure stands in stark contrast. It attracts many creative workers who use the complex as a source of inspiration to create artworks.

In the M+ Collections, ‘Circus’ by American abstract artist Mark Bradford references Montane Mansion. Its creation is based on layered architectural drawings and urban landscape images resemble an infrared thermography image of a building with red and green lines. Although this work has a futuristic composition, the combination of bright red and olive green evokes the imagery of traditional handmade signs and window grilles of old tenement buildings. Bradford often reconstructs urban cityscapes through techniques, such as collage, sanding and spray painting. The artist metaphorically portrays the five buildings as a colourful circus. On the surface, it’s a world with an endless variety of experiences, but, behind this facade, there is a potential source of conflict. This work is a tribute to the unique aesthetics of Hong Kong and a reflection of hidden social issues, as Montane Mansion and other buildings have developed in a haphazard way.

German photographer Michael Wolf lived in Hong Kong for a long time, and used Montane Mansion as his subject. His practice focused on documenting urban life in Asia. In his work, ‘Architecture of Density, No.119’, he trimmed the sky and the podium of Montane Mansion turning the complex into a 2D pattern, [Through Wolf’s lens] the horseshoe structure is flattened, losing its boundaries. You may wonder ‘Could this structure extend endlessly?’

What does Montane Mansion mean to local makers? This Hong Kong 4As poster by Hong Kong designer Sandy Choi, features the Montane Mansion as its background. In the black-and-white inner courtyard

there is a unit painted with hot pink and written ‘Relieve Constipation at Flat 4A’, the text ‘Flat 4A’ symbolises the ‘HK4As’ referring to the Association of Accredited Advertising Agencies of Hong Kong. Aimed at encouraging industry creativity, this award doubles as a cure for ‘creative constipation’. The hot pink colour of the poster also resembles the colour of memo notes which some creatives use for brainstorming. Through the designer’s alteration, Montane Mansion becomes a local symbol of our haphazard yet utilitarian way of doing things.

Other than these objects from the M+ Collections. Montane Mansion is also frequently captured in works by other local and international makers of moving image works. This unique architecture gradually permeated diverse visual art mediums and served as a microcosm of the city.

As someone living in Hong Kong, how do the different ways of looking at our city inspire you?

SOUTH HO SIU NAM: (Cantonese) Hello! I’m photographer South Ho.

We are now in Tin Shui Wai. I’d like to take you to some of the locations, where I created the ‘Every Daily’ series ten years ago.

Around 2007, I moved to Tin Shui Wai. In the more than ten years that I lived there, I often photograph around the town. From 2012 onwards, I began to reflect on the relationship between the town and myself. One significant discovery was that when cleaning up my home, I stumbled upon the brushes left behind by my father. We moved to Tin Shui Wai after he passed away for a fresh start. I tried to combine his interest in painting and my photography, to see if it would make any difference to my art practice.

I started to experiment with drawing squares on the sky portion of the photographs. How did I come up with this idea? It’s because I saw the Light Rail trains passing by the same spot at the same time every day. Light Rail trains always run along with their rails. It makes me think that when a city is very well-planned, does it restrict the lifestyle of its residents? The ‘Every Daily’ series draws on this concept. ‘Every Daily’ is about thingsthat happen every day. How does a pattern begin? Is it predetermined by an architectural design or urban planning?

If you have seen my work ‘Every Daily 26’, you’ll notice that the pond captured in this work is the dried-up pond behind me. There was a buffalo sculpture in the pond. The most interesting part was that there was a rope tied on the sculpture. I found this a peculiar yet intriguing scene in the city. Returning today, I found that the pond had already dried up. It’s also interesting that the city kept changing in the past decade, and the buffalo sculpture is long gone.

From this hill where we are now, this place is not only a popular morning exercise route for nearby residents, but also a great spot for watching sunset and taking a walk. You can see the neatly arranged residential buildings in Tin Shui Wai. Back then, these areas were mostly fishponds. These buildings did not exist until the 1980s. Today, the town has become a well-established community. But at the same time, you’ll notice that the other side of the townis still rural and undeveloped.

In this town, in addition to the high-rises that we often see, there are also areas for other uses, such as for industrial purposes or container yards with large machinery. Therefore, it has a dynamic cityscape with many gradations between the urban and rural. When you continually observe what is going on, you will naturally gain fresh insights. You’ll also realise Hong Kong’s cityscape isn’t that monotonous. Besides high-rises, there are other constructed and natural features. For many people, this kind of cityscape is truly fascinating. It’s neither like scenic spots, nor tourist attractions, but it’s shaped by the diverse living environments of people in Hong Kong.

ALAN YEUNG: (Cantonese) Hello! Today, I would like to introduce a video work in the M+ collection. It's called Central, created by the French artist Dominique Gonzalez-Foerster in 2001.

The protagonist plans to meet with her brother at Star Ferry Pier. Whilst waiting for him, she goes to Kowloon Public Pier to observe the strangers. Like her, those strangers are fascinated by this liminal space. Not daring approach them, she looks at their backs from far away and riding on the mere spark of resonance between them, imagines their inner worlds, their longings and fear

Year 2001 is 23 years ago. Twenty-three years, as a timespan, is sort of subtle. It can mean the coming of age or passing of a generation. But personal memories from 23 years ago can feel vividly alive. The Tsim Sha Tsui Waterfront Park and the public pier upon renovation have changed thoroughly. But the ferry in the shots and the views of Hong Kong Island apparently look just the same.

Our fantasies shall one day pass as memories and our memories can in turn trigger imaginations on the future.

Back then, what was the thing that moved the artist? Was it the visual stimuli brought by the concrete jungle, or the rhythm of the Harbour’s waves and the sailing ships?

Probably, it’s just like what the protagonist says: it's the moisture and stench in the air.

“Looking at a landscape like an immense face. It’s perhaps a disappearance. Trying to decipher the future. As if it were a rainy day”

TANG KWOK HIN: (Cantonese) Now I’m in Wing Lung Wai, a walled village in Kam Tin.

For hundreds of years, the villagers have lived here. Back then, Kam Tin was still called Sham Tin, Nam Wai, Pak Wai, Kat Hing Wai, Tai Hong Wai, Wing Lung Wai and Nai Wai, are known collectively as the ‘six walled villages of Kam Tin’.

I grew up in Wing Lung Wai, and went to downtown for the first time when I was 18 or 19 to see an exhibition by an upperclassman in the Fine Arts Department. In the city, I saw a lot of skyscrapers, lots of different faces. Everyone was dressed differently, having their own paces of life. That should be the starting point of my artistic journey that is through the language of art, to ponder how such differences arise.

Walled villages are small communities with their own rhythms and a distinctive set of customs and festivals. At times, I’m reluctant to throw things away and am inadvertently hoarding all sorts of materials. This is how Mount Huaguo came by. It's like writing an essay discussing apes. Journey to the West technology as well as fear evoked by myths.

What’s interesting about walled villages is their surrounding walls, which remind me of the school desks. ‘The Lonely Island’ is like recreating the scene, where I played by myself as a child. You might be alone when you’re lonely, but this work wants to emphasise that you can talk to yourself and be your own company.

Looking back, I can’t always tell how hazy or how sharp my memories are, but I’d like to believe that, the unnameable feelings engendered by a place that stay with us long after are speaking of an inexplicable connection.

Like now, I’d believe that the ritual that burns offerings into light and ashes is a language, a dialogue that bridges past and present. This kind of language and dialogue is akin to art-making.

As walled villages evolve, [Things we used to have in the past] are fading away. Such a fragmented state looks irresistible. And the change to the cityscape is all the more beyond my control. Taking things more positively. I believe those things that are reduced to fragments are actually distillation of customs preferences or something deep in us… They’ve become our second nature or senses and sensibilities that are insusceptible to change. These probably are the fundamental elements that last through life’s vicissitudes, hopefully.