In 1963, Galerie Parnass in Wuppertal, West Germany, held Nam June Paik’s first exhibition, entitled Exposition of Music: Electronic Television. This marked Paik’s transition from composer and performance-based practitioner to visual artist in search of a new language through technological devices. In Zen for TV, the artist altered a television picture to form a single line and turned the television ninety degrees, transforming it into a sculptural object. Paik’s use of the line may have inspired by the work of John Cage, who was known for his Zen Buddhist–inspired approach to art. Paik translated this austerity into a technological form, defining a practice that was deeply influential for generations of artists working with new media.
Nam June Paik (1932–2006, South Korea) was one of the most influential artists of the twentieth century. As a pioneer of technology-based art, Paik has created a large body of work comprising performances, single-channel moving image works, video sculptures, and installations. Known for his experimental, collaborative, and interdisciplinary practice, he was a key member of the Fluxus movement and a visionary thinker who predicted the future of art making and communication in the internet age.