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East Galleries, 218
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 路德維希·密斯·凡德羅
Plan and Interior Perspective, Court House Studies 庭院住宅研究平面及內部透視圖
1935
Mies van der Rohe is one of the most influential architects of the modern movement. His minimalist designs—focused on function and form—illustrate his famous dictum ‘less is more’. The series of court house studies demonstrates the development of the architect’s aesthetic style and formal vocabulary. The court house typology, a rectangular enclosure of a house and its grass lawn gardens or paved courtyard surfaces, preoccupied Mies as an abstract puzzle. He used it as a teaching method, assigning it as an exercise to students at the Bauhaus in Germany in the early 1930s and later at the Illinois Institute of Technology, after he emigrated to the United States. The small scale and introverted nature of the typology make it ideal for experiments in layout, structure, proportion, and views. Designed on a grid, wall partitions are added where necessary, but one of Mies’s principal goals was to maximise the flow of space from one room to another. This plan and interior perspective is representative of the series of studies. Like Mies’s built architecture, the drawing exhibits a lightness and economy of lines to define space, balancing a number of contrasting elements: transparency and opacity, horizontal and vertical planes, and interior and exterior.
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